However, there is a growing interest in light scattering measurements of RBCs in a suspension with and without flow, but their quantitative interpretation remains challenging. Most of these measurements have been performed for RBCs lying on a coverslip such that the cell’s orientation remains fixed for the duration of experiments. Furthermore, dynamic light scattering (DLS) has been employed to monitor RBC membrane fluctuations, whose strength and dynamics can be related to cell’s mechanical properties and metabolic activity. For example, static light scattering (SLS) has been employed to measure shape changes of RBCs in malaria and sickle-cell diseases. Different light scattering techniques have been already used to measure various properties of single RBCs. RBCs contain a dense hemoglobin solution, which is believed to be the primary component for the scattering and absorption of the UV, blue, and green spectral ranges of light. The major cell component of blood is RBCs, which constitute about 45% of blood by volume.
![dynamic light scatter dynamic light scatter](https://wiki.anton-paar.com/fileadmin/_processed_/0/7/csm_Wiki_Artikel_DLS_Figure_2_755f80bef3.gif)
This motivates the development of realistic simulation models to deliver tools for an adequate interpretation of light-scattering measurements.Īn important example of biological fluids attractive for the application of light scattering is blood.
![dynamic light scatter dynamic light scatter](https://lnbio.cnpem.br/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/Equip9_Editado.jpg)
However, the interpretation of scattering signals is often cumbersome due to a complex nature of biological systems and standard theoretical models for light scattering used in colloidal science fail to provide reliable information. In the biomedical field, light scattering offers promising prospects of non-invasive imaging and monitoring of certain medical conditions without the necessity of contrast agents or radiation doses. Examples include micro- and nano-particle suspensions, suspensions of fd virus, red blood cells (RBCs), and skeletal-muscle contraction.
![dynamic light scatter dynamic light scatter](https://wiki.anton-paar.com/fileadmin/wiki/images/The_principles_of_dynamic_light_scattering/06.jpg)
Light scattering is commonly used in the fields of condensed, soft, and biological matter to investigate the structure and dynamics of different constituents within a material sample. acknowledges funding by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. For other questions regarding this paper, the corresponding author can be contacted.įunding: We acknowledge the FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN LAPASO “Label-free particle sorting” for financial support. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files in order to reproduce the results. Received: JanuAccepted: ApPublished: May 4, 2017Ĭopyright: © 2017 Mauer et al. University of California Santa Barbara, UNITED STATES Our simulation results can be used for better understanding of light scattering by RBCs and the development of new non-invasive methods for blood-flow monitoring.Ĭitation: Mauer J, Peltomäki M, Poblete S, Gompper G, Fedosov DA (2017) Static and dynamic light scattering by red blood cells: A numerical study. In contrast to static light scattering, the dynamic measurements can be employed to differentiate between the biconcave and stomatocytic RBC shapes and generally allow the differentiation based on the membrane properties. We also compute dynamic light scattering of a diffusing RBC, from which dynamic properties of RBCs such as diffusion coefficients can be accessed. Simulation results from the two simulation methods show good agreement, and demonstrate that the static light scattering of a diffusing RBC is not very sensitive to the changes in membrane properties and moderate alterations in cell shapes. Light scattering is studied for various membrane shear elasticities, bending rigidities, and RBC shapes (e.g., biconcave and stomatocyte). Here, we investigate static and dynamic scattering properties of red blood cells (RBCs) using two mesoscopic hydrodynamics simulation methods-multi-particle collision dynamics and dissipative particle dynamics. However, the interpretation of light-scattering signals remains challenging due to the complexity of most biological systems. Light scattering is a well-established experimental technique, which gains more and more popularity in the biological field because it offers the means for non-invasive imaging and detection.